Literary Criticisms Of Emily Dickinsons Poetry Essays -

Scholarly Criticisms of Emily Dickinson's Poetry - 1- All through Emily Dickinson's verse there are three fundamental topics that she addresses: passing, love, and nature; just as the effect of the word. While talking about these topics she followed her way of life and split away from conventional types of composing and composed with a serious vitality and multifaceted nature never observed and once in a while observed today. She was an irregularity on account of her verse as well as in light of the fact that she was one of the main female pioneers into the field of verse. A most captivating aspect regarding Dickinson's verse is her mind-boggling tender loving care, particularly her pin-point experiences on death. In I've Seen a Dying Eye, by Emily Dickinson, is a sonnet about the idea of death. A feeling of vulnerability and wildness about death appears to exist. The onlooker's discourse appears to be reluctant and uncertain of what the person is seeing, halfway due to the runs, yet additionally in view of the words used to depict the scene. As the eye is watched searching for something, at that point getting overcast and advancing through greater lack of definition until it at long last stops, the individual watching the passing can't give any unequivocal confirmation that what the perishing individual saw was cheerful or upsetting. The perishing individual appears to have no power over the mists covering their eye, which is hysterically scanning for something that it can dare to dream to discover before the mists absolutely, expend it. Demise, as a wild power, - 2- appears to clear over the withering. All the more critically, as the sonnet is from the perspective of the spectator, regardless of whether the perishing individual saw anything or not is as huge as what the onlooker, and the peruser, divert from the sonnet. The doubt of whether the perishing individual saw anything or had any authority over their passing is what is being played on in the sonnet. The fundamental thought the sonnet is attempting to pass on is that demise compel itself upon the perishing leaving them no control, and if something cheerful exists to be seen after death, it is an inquiry left for the living to contemplate. Love is another predominant topic in Dickinson's verse. The Love of Thee-a Prism Be': Men and Women in the Love Poetry of Emily Dickinson, a paper by Adalaide Morris, a women's activist pundit, analyzes how Dickinson sees love with a symbolic tidiness made in her sonnet The Love of Thee-a Prism Be (98). Emily Dickinson accepts that it is the kaleidoscopic nature of enthusiasm that issues, and the vitality going through an encounter of affection uncovers a range of potential outcomes (98). With regards to her convention of taking a gander at the periphery of a thought, Dickinson never really characterizes a decisive love or darling toward the finish of her adoration verse, rather focusing on enthusiasm all in all (99). In spite of the fact that she never characterized a darling in her sonnets, numerous pundits do accept that the item or point of convergence of her energy was Charles Wadsworth, a pastor from Philadelphia In her verse, Emily speaks to the guys as the Lover, Father, King, Lord, and Master as the ladies take complimentary situations to their male bosses, and ordinarily the connection between the genders is found in illustration ladies as His Little Spaniel or his chasing weapon. The lady's presence is just unexpected to the enclosing - 3- intensity of the man (104). It could be noticed that the relationship with her dad made a portion of the affiliations that Dickinson utilized in her work-her dad being associated with government, religion, and in charge of the family. Dickinson's connected symbolism in her male love verse centers around suns, storms, volcanoes, and wounds (100). There are consistently components of unsettling influence or limits and hazardous settings. There are likewise rehashed instances of the constraint of affection causing storm symbolism to become quiet, stifled volcanic action something nearly blast or movement. Obviously, in the quelled individual the potential for blast or activity can be exceptionally perilous, and every now and again in Dickinson's work this sort of affection relationship closures of with somebody getting an injury (100). Another fundamental subject in Dickinson's verse was nature. The Imagery of Emily Dickinson, by Ruth Flanders McNaughton, in a section entitled Symbolism of

Anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Human studies - Essay Example Her recommendation of financial restriction is perfect since it can decrease individuals to rely upon different nations and make them all the more captivating and produce items which are of social worth and significance. It can likewise succeed the neighborhood economy and make individuals increasingly profitable .According to ( Norberg) â€Å"Producers and purchasers were firmly connected in a network based economy†. Likewise urban nurseries are indispensable to the biological condition as it permits advancement of nature. Neighborhood food development is fundamental as it urges individuals to represent themselves and it can increment bio †assorted variety .World need to develop locally and need to make novel character of their way of life and network. The two gathering of individuals referenced by creator as Tibetan ranchers and Amazon ancestral can be profited by these methodologies. Tibetan ranchers can be urged to participate in a greater amount of live stock cultivating as it could upgrade their thriving and furthermore profit them with meat and milk which is a fundamental piece of their eating regimen. Amazon clans can be provoked to enjoy farming of oats and vegetables which suit their land nature and it can give them inexhaustible food source and pay as well. Hodge, Helena N. Globalization versus Community. http://www.localfutures.org. ISEC, 2014. Web. 28 Feb. 2014.

Blog Archive How to Study for the GMAT

Blog Archive How to Study for the GMAT With regard to the GMAT, raw intellectual horsepower helps, but it is not everything. Manhattan Prep’s  Stacey Koprince  teaches you how to perform at your best on test day by using some common sense. This time, I have got a short and sweet post for you. Take a look at your calendar and find a weekend to take off from your studies (or even an entire week). Yes, I am serious! People tend to get really burned out studying for the GMAT; you will be doing your brain a favor if you give it a bit of a break. (Note in general: when your brain is fatigued, it cannot make solid new memories. Do not keep pushing yourself to study under those circumstances!) Second, I have a few resources for you. I put together a couple of posts that highlight what I think are the most useful articles from recent years. Take a look at  What Would Stacey Do?  for resources and advice on areas with which you may be struggling. I do want to take time to mention explicitly the one post that I think is the most important and the first thing that every GMAT student should read:  What the GMAT Really Tests. Third, recently we discussed how to study for  Critical Reasoning. Here are two available resources: Explaining a Critical Reasoning Discrepancy Analyzing a Critical Reasoning Boldface Question Finally, go take a break! Take a look at your calendar and find a good time to rest your brain. I have never met anyone who can study  effectively  for months straight without at least one solid weekend break (and an entire week is often better!). Share ThisTweet GMAT Blog Archive How to Study for the GMAT With regard to the GMAT, raw intellectual horsepower helps, but it is not everything.  Manhattan Prep’s  Stacey Koprince  teaches you how to perform at your best on test day by using some common sense. This time, I have got a short and sweet post for you. Take a look at your calendar, and find a weekend to take off from your studies (or even an entire week). Yes, I am serious! People tend to get really burned out studying for the GMAT; you will be doing your brain a favor if you give it a bit of a break. (Note in general: when your brain is fatigued, it cannot make solid new memories. Do not keep pushing yourself to study under those circumstances!) Second, I have a few resources for you. I put together a couple of posts that highlight what I think are the most useful articles from recent years. Take a look at  What Would Stacey Do?  for resources and advice on areas with which you may be struggling. I do want to take time to mention explicitly the one post that I think is the most important and the first thing that every GMAT student should read:  What the GMAT Really Tests. Third, recently we discussed how to study for  Critical Reasoning. Here are two available resources: Explaining a Critical Reasoning Discrepancy Analyzing a Critical Reasoning Boldface Question Finally, go take a break! Take a look at your calendar, and find a good time to rest your brain. I have never met anyone who can study  effectively  for months straight without at least one solid weekend break (and an entire week is often better!). Share ThisTweet GMAT

The media Trump and the Presidential Election - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1308 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Presidential Election Essay Did you like this example? This paper explores the way that the media influenced the 2016 presidential election. More specifically the way news sources reported on Trumps jarring and obscene language, easily digestible for click-bait audiences instead of policy positions. This paper will identify how reporters focused on Donald Trumps tailored comments that were purposely meant to attract media attention. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The media Trump and the Presidential Election" essay for you Create order The author of a Harvard study, Thomas Patterson said, the mainstream press highlights whats wrong with politics without also telling us whats right,. Its a version of politics that rewards a particular brand of politics. When everything and everybody is portrayed as deeply flawed, theres no sense making distinctions on that score, which works to the advantage of those who are more deeply flawed, Patterson said. This paper will explore the effect that influenced voters had on and attributed to the election of Donald Trump. The way media outlets comment and report on candidates has a large impact on public opinion. During the 2016 election, coverage of candidates was focused on the negative. The phrases lesser of two evils and theyre all bad options were frequently used when describing the candidates. Patterson hypothesized that negative news stories have a corrosive effect and also a neutralizing effect. If negative news stories are featured about all candidates then it levels the playing field and allows for charlatans to enter the arena. The study found that over the course of the general election Hillary Clinton was the target of fewer negative news stories than Donald Trump. However, over the course of the whole campaign Hillary was targeted more than Donald Trump. This coverage has huge effects on public opinion of Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. The platform Donald Trump created, backed by the media, allowed him to win over the minds of Americans he wouldnt have otherwise. The nationwide, 24/7 coverage, click-bait news stories about Donald Trump was reversly used to his advantage. The provocative things that Donald Trump said gained him news coverage and ended up helping his campaign more than hurting it. Julia Azari, associate professor of Political Science at Marquette University, believes the news media aided the election of Donald Trump by being anti- establishment. She argues that the news media works within the political institutions and has major effects on political decisions. Azari sees the election of Donald Trump as the president as a direct action of the news media. Donald Trumps vague and nonspecific anti-establishment and anti- government driven messages were reported on by every major media outlet. Though Trump was a businessman, television icon and unfit as a political candidate, Azari claims by simply by covering Trump, the media made his behavior seem presidential. Coverage of Trump, perhaps unwittingly, places him squarely within our expectations of the presidency, Azari said. The media also gave the office of president unrealistic power by covering Trumps claims that he was going to perform all of these actions that a president cannot perform alone. Media tropes pr esent a false picture of the presidency, presidents can rarely shape policy alone, Azari said. The cause and effect relationship between the media and its influence on elections requires background knowledge on the functioning of political institutions and how partisan media affects the electorate. For some voters, headlines on social media had the most influence. An article from NPR outlines how the social media boom created a political uproar and changed the tone for discussing politics. It describes how on Facebook people would delete their friends who had different political values from them in friend purges. On twitter, negative re-tweets and sarcastic messages were a similar defense to people with different views. The article points out that political strife was taboo but now it is encouraged. The way Donald Trump uses social media was one of the large focal points of the public throughout the election season. Pictures of his tweets could be found on any social media website, subjecting anyone with Internet access to a constant barrage of political arguments and happenings. It is this constant coverage that allows people to slowly become normalized to the outrageousness of Donald Trumps campaign. Because of how common it was for an incendiary tweet to be put out by the presidential candidate, it became normal. A major reason that these s tories were clogging up peoples news feeds and dashboards is because of the format of social media sites. The article notes that no thoughtful political conversation can happen in one tweet of 140 characters, and those who attempt at such a conversation end up in a loud mess. The article shows a particular interaction between Jeb Bush and Hillary Clinton, over twitter. This type of interaction happened daily during the election season. Sarcastic and aggressive types of political arguments made Donald Trumps hateful messages less shocking and this type of language normal for politicians. Another issue seen in the social media age is the use of bots to stir political arguments and perpetuate a sense of tension between ideologies. Bots spouting out hateful messages such as crooked Hillary and Donald Trump the puppet created a false political environment for the regular people browsing social media sites. Glen Smith, a political researcher, published an article describing how the timing of certain partisan news stories affects a presidential election. Smith wanted to understand at which point voters were most susceptible to partisan biased media. It is known that the effect of partisan media input weakens as an election period continues. However, Smith focused on exactly how, and among what populations, this effect weakened. The primacy effect occurs b ecause new information is processed based on prior opinions. In a process termed hot cognition, Smith said. The feelings brought to mind by ones prior affect toward the candidates influences their motivations when processing new information. Smith finds in his study that a politically uneducated person is more likely to continue to be affected by partisan media throughout the election process. Whereas a politically educated person is more likely to follow the trend and not be as affected later on in the election. Donald Trump had the more votes from politically uneducated and previously politically inactive populations. One can draw the conclusion that the media may have influenced these populations more than others. News stories from fake media sources surfaced near the end of the election and the convenient timing of the re-opening of a FBI investigation. A false news story that Donald Trump was endorsed by the pope was seen across the nation. According to Smith, the education level and political affiliation of individuals determines how affected they are by media at different points throughout the election. The large amount of uneducated people who voted for Donald Trump may have been solidified in their support due to a false news story or clickbait headline. The re- opening of the investigation into Hillary Clinton days before the election also would have a huge effect on these populations even though it was late in the election. The presidential election is hard to understand and complex to determine the causes because of how many factors and different types of people participate in elections. Each election has its own set of variables as society continues to change. In this particular election the evolution of the ways people communicated changed the way elections are won and the political establishment suffered a loss to Donald Trump. Donald Trumps campaign used lack of trust with government and negative campaign met hods to their advantage. Donald Trump won the election however without the indirect help of the news media institutions that did not understand the effect they were having by covering Donald Trump so closely, he may not have. Politics as a whole was so shaken by the victory of Donald Trump a lot of research has gone into exactly how he was elected. This media- centered research will be in mind during the next election cycle.

Reagan and the 1983 Marines Barracks Massacre in Beirut

In 2002, the Presidential Oral History Program at the University of Virginia’s Miller Center of Public Affairs interviewed Caspar Weinberger about the six years (1981-1987) he spent as Ronald Reagan’s Secretary of Defense. Stephen Knott, the interviewer, asked him about the bombing of the U.S. Marines barracks in Beirut on Oct. 23, 1983, which killed 241 Marines. Here’s his answer: Weinberger: Well, that’s one of my saddest memories. I was not persuasive enough to persuade the President that the Marines were there on an impossible mission. They were very lightly armed. They were not permitted to take the high ground in front of them or the flanks on either side. They had no mission except to sit at the airport, which is just like sitting in a bull’s eye. Theoretically, their presence was supposed to support the idea of disengagement and ultimate peace. I said, â€Å"They’re in a position of extraordinary danger. They have no mission. They have no capability of carrying out a mission, and they’re terribly vulnerable.† It didn’t take any gift of prophecy or anything to see how vulnerable they were. When that horrible tragedy came, why, as I say, I took it very personally and still feel responsible in not having been persuasive enough to overcome the arguments that â€Å"Marines don’t cut and run,† and â€Å"We can’t leave because we’re there,† and all of that. I begged the President at least to pull them back and put them back on their transports as a more defensible position. That ultimately, of course, was done after the tragedy. Knott also asked Weinberger about â€Å"the impact that the tragedy had on President Reagan.† Weinberger: Well, it was very, very marked, there was no question about it. And it couldn’t have come at a worse time. We were planning that very weekend for the actions in Grenada to overcome the anarchy that was down there and the potential seizure of American students, and all the memories of the Iranian hostages. We had planned that for Monday morning, and this terrible event occurred on Saturday night. Yes, it had a very deep effect. We talked a few minutes ago about the strategic defense. One of the other things that had a tremendous effect on him was the necessity of playing these war games and rehearsing, in which we went over the role of the President. The standard scenario was that â€Å"the Soviets had launched a missile. You have eighteen minutes, Mr. President. What are we going to do?† He said, â€Å"Almost any target we attack will have huge collateral damage.† Collateral damage is the polite way of phrasing the number of innocent women and children who are killed because you’re engaging in a war, and it was up in the hundreds of thousands. That is one of the things, I think, that convinced him that we not only had to have a strategic defense, but we should offer to share it. That was another of the things that was quite unusual about our acquiring strategic defense, and which now seems largely forgotten. When we got it, we said he would share it with the world, so as to render all of these weapons useless. He insisted on that kind of proposal. And as it turned out, with this cold war ending and all, it didn’t become necessary. One thing that disappointed him most was the reaction of the academic and the so-called defense expert community to this proposal. They were horrified. They threw up their hands. It was worse than talking about evil empire. Here you were undermining the years and years of academic discipline that you shouldn’t have any defense. He said he simply did not want to trust the future of the world to philosophic assumptions. And all the evidence was that the Soviets were preparing for a nuclear war. They had these huge underground cities and underground communications. They were setting up environments in which they could live for a long time and keep their command and control communications capabilities. But people didn’t want to believe that and therefore didn’t believe it. Read the full interview at the Miller Center for Public Affairs.

Does regular exercise reduce stress levels, and thus...

Does regular exercise reduce stress levels, and thus reduce symptoms of depression? There is a very complex relationship between stressful situations, our mind and body’s reaction to stress and the onset of depression. Some people develop depression after going through stressful events in their lives, such as the death of someone close, loss of job and other negative and traumatic problems that can cause large amount of stress (Prentiss, 2009). These problems make us experience a mixture of physical and emotional effects that can create stress as a positive or negative feeling. The human body is designed to experience and react to stress; it can be both a positive and negative influence. Positive stress can give a person the drive and†¦show more content†¦They found that an exercise training programme could be an alternative treatment for MDD. Although antidepressants had a more rapid response than exercise, after 16 weeks of exercise the effectiveness in reducing depression was equal to the anti-depressants. A study also found tha t a single bout of exercise could result in substantial improvements in mood, which shows that it’s not just duration and frequency. However, it may be that the improvement in mood is only temporary (Dimeo et al., 2001). Lawler and Hopker (2001) stated that effectiveness of exercise on depression couldn’t be determined due to lack of quality research based on clinical populations. They also wrote that the explanations of the results may have been that depressed patients who did regular exercise could have got positive feedback from other people and a sense of self worth, which may act as a diversion from negative thoughts. Physical activity was found to be linked with less coexisting depression, which remains the same after controlling for gender, age, and race. The results of the study showed that physical activity is helpful with medical problems, life stressors and quality of sleep (Harris et al., 2006). Comparing recent studies shows that there may be a link between exercises and reducing stress levels, there are a lot of disagreements with the duration and types of exercise thatShow MoreRelatedDepression And Its Effects On Depression1687 Words   |  7 Pages Depression is a psychoneurotic disorder characterized by lingering sadness, inactivity, and difficulty in thinking and concentration. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions encountered (â€Å"Depression†). Doctors have all types of antidepressants that have been used worldwide for patients with depression. Introduced in the late 1950’s, antidepressants were used to accomplish their task by inhibiting the body’s reabsorption of these neurotransmitters, thus allowing them to accumulateRead MoreThe Big Scary Word Stress1244 Words   |  5 PagesThe big scary word STRESS! This word alone may be enough to set your nerves on edge. We as deal with stress on a daily basis whether it is from traffic jams or to major life events or changes like divorce or job loss. When we are healthy and the stress is short lived we are usually able to recover without too much wear and tear on our overall health. Some people may cope with stress more effectively or recover from stressful events faster than others. If Stress is extreme or long in duration itRead MoreExercise Benefits Essay1237 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 8, 2011 Mr. Haile 1301.155 Exercise for the Body You know exercise is good for you -- but do you know how good? At its most basic, exercise is any type of physical exertion we perform in an effort to improve our health, shape our bodies, and boost performance (Waehner, Web). Adults, men and women, and teens both benefit from exercise and physical activity in many different ways. 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For example, when there is a risk of suicide or risk to others because ECT has much quicker results than any other forms of treatment for depression. Overall, the aim of this PowerPoint is to provide information on how ECT is administered, how or why it works, benefits, side effects, appropriateness and effectiveness. Before ECT begins, patients are given a short-acting anaesthetic and a nerve-blockingRead MoreCardiovascular Disease Is The Number One Leading Cause Death2166 Words   |  9 Pagesrespiratory diseases, accidents and diabetes)† (Donatelle, p. 454) Still, for many women it is unknown that they actually have a higher risk than men to experience a heart disease. (Wolf, Miller, Ko, p. 405). This happens for many reasons, education level, social status, age and racial or ethnic differences. 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Base And Superstructure Essay By Raymond Williams Example For Students

Base And Superstructure Essay By Raymond Williams This would mean that people from lesser classes and backgrounds would get involved in politics, government and media groups, bringing different opinions and their own view of the world increasing understanding of different cultures. This is why Williams refers to the revolution as a demographic one bringing distanced groups together through cultural understanding. Their social being would change, allowing people to become more involved in other forms of high culture. social being determines consciousness6. it is a genuine revolution, transforming men and institutions, continually extended and deepened by the acts of millions, continually and variously opposed by explicit reaction and by the pressure of habitual forms and ideas 7 Williams designed four models that he believed were the possible types of state. Here I have related them to the media, showing for each model how the media would be run.   Authoritarian The media totally controlled by the political regime, all newspapers state approved. Television state controlled. Paternal Media is designed to guide people to educate country. This is based on Williams opinion of the BBC, whos role is to inform, educate and entertain. It should expose people to art, literature, classical music etc, elevating people to certain level of standards.   Commercial Plurality of operators, media a booming industry, free press. In this case the BBC in the UK would have to change their role in educating the nation in order to compete with the sheer number of television operators, such is the case today. Democratic Williams proposal, there would be plurality in media operators but legislation would exist through the cultural and political elite, forcing media institutions to behave acceptably, and continue to educate. Creating a freedom of speech scenario to a certain extent, where more or less anyone can get involved and have their say. The importance of communication in Williams theories mean that the media plays a huge role. A large amount of communication in todays society is through newspapers, television, film, the internet etc. As you can see from the four models above which are related to the media industry, the type of government, which can be affected by the long revolution that Williams proposes, will dictate the types of communication we can be part of, and the way in which we are communicated to. For example if the base structure continues to determine the superstructure, the media industry would be controlled by the bourgeoisie who would continue to develop their own people, with the lower classes not being educated enough to be able to appreciate what is being shown on television, played on the radio, or printed in the newspapers. However, if the long revolution came into effect Williams suggestion would mean that more education would be more widely accessible, people would be encouraged to read, and with the promotion of proper English, communication to people within the higher classes, whom have developed a separate version of English to the lower classes, would become less complicated. With these processes put into practice, people from lower classes will go to university and be able to gain positions in authority and the media. These people, from different backgrounds would then go on to produce their own forms of communication which will be influenced by their own experiences, in turn developing a more plural media industry, allowing more people to continue their search for that perfect moment. Bibliography Williams, R, Problems in Materialism and Culture, 1980, Redwood Burn LTD Williams, R, The Long Revolution, 1961, Chatto Windus Branston, G Stafford, R, The Media Students Handbook, second edition, Routledge, 1996. .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 , .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .postImageUrl , .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 , .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7:hover , .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7:visited , .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7:active { border:0!important; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7:active , .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7 .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucfcf55bfaa42b8e350e527898e212ff7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay Plan For An Inspector CallsMunns, J Rajan, G, A Cultural Studies Reader, Longman London,1995 www. aber. ac. uk Williams, R, Culture and Society 1780-1950, Chatto Windus Blumler, J Gurevitch (1995) The Crisis of Public Communication: Routledge Briggs, A Cobley, P (1998) The Media: An Introduction: Longman Gardner, C (1979) Media, Politics Culture: Macmillan Grossberg, L et al (1998) Media Making: Sage Inglis, F (1990) Media Theory: An Introduction: Blackwell Levinson, P (1999) Digital McLuhan: A Guide to the Information Millennium: Routledge. 1 Williams, R, The Long Revolution, Chatto Windus, 1961, pg41 2 Williams, R, The Long Revolution, Chatto Windus, 1961, pg 9 3 Williams, R, The Long Revolution, Chatto Windus, 1961, pg125 4 Williams, R, The Long Revolution, Chatto Windus, 1961, pg 156 5 Williams, R, The Long Revolution, Chatto Windus, 1961, pg 214 6 Williams, R, Problems in materialism and culture, a series of essays, pg31, Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural theory 7 Williams, R, The Long Revolution, Chatto Windus, 1961, pg 10.

History of the Green Bay Packers Essay Example

History of the Green Bay Packers Essay Green Bay, Wisconsin, home to just over 100,000 people is the smallest market in any major sports league in the United States. Dubbed in the mid-sixties as â€Å"Title town, USA†, Green Bay is the proud home of the National Football League’s Green Bay Packers. Such a small town allows for many unique experiences. Only in Green Bay will you see a professional football player riding the bike of a six-year-old to the Clark Hinkle practice field. The team’s helmet is also present on the official city flag, along with a wedge of cheese, a roll of paper and a ship. Such a small town and a big name franchise once purchased for 250 dollars is now worth over 125 million. A big name franchise started from humble beginnings, a conversation between two men, and a drive for excellence. On August 11, 1919, Curly Lambeau and George Calhoun gathered young athletes from around the area, in a close editorial room of the Green Bay Press-Gazette, to discuss the creation of a professional football team. Several weeks before, in a casual street-corner conversation, they had discussed the idea, but hadn’t given it much thought. From that room, one of the proudest and most storied NFL franchise. In order to start the team, the two would need financial backing. Lambeau approached his employer, the Indian Packing Company, for the necessary funds to buy the team jerseys. The company agreed to purchase uniforms, and to allow the use of their private athletic field. In exchange for the resources, the team was named the Green Bay Packers. The newly formed Green Bay Packers played opponents from Michigan and Wisconsin on an open field without stands or fences. We will write a custom essay sample on History of the Green Bay Packers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on History of the Green Bay Packers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on History of the Green Bay Packers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer By going 10-1 in their first ever season, losing only to the Beloit Fairies in the last game, the Packers gained the backing of the Indian Packing Company once again in pursuit of an official franchise in the National Pro Football League on August 27, 1921. The players split the money collected by donation at the end of the season; each player received 16 dollars, a far cry from the money needed to pay their own medical bills. Unfortunately, the team fell into financial troubles and had to be forfeited at the end of the season, the first of many troubles to come for the young team. In 1920 Curly Lambeau found a new company to support the franchise, and paid 205 dollars to readmit the team, including 50 dollars from Lambeau’s own pocket. In the team’s second season, in a time of smash-mouth football, the Packers broke the mold and threw the ball. Opponents didn’t take kindly to Lambeau’s aerial assault, calling him a sissy for not handing the ball off. During the 1921 season, Curly Lambeau got in trouble for paying college students to play under assumed names, and the franchise was once again revoked. Lambeau apologized, and reapplied for admission into the newly named NFL with 250 dollars he borrowed from a friend. At the time of reinstatement, the Packers’ rivals the Decatur Staley’s had been moved by George Halas to Chicago and were renamed the Bears. At this time the NFL was growing, and the competition for athletes became more competitive, and recruiting players out of college was a necessity. As luck would have it, Curly Lambeau had a knack for spotting star players and convincing them that Green Bay was the place to be. Such an acquisition was the feared Johnny â€Å"Blood† McNally. With the combination of quarterback Red Dunn, to McNally, the Green Bay Packers were one of the most dominant teams of the era, and cruised to three straight NFL Championships in 1929, ’30 and ’31. Then, in the 1933 season, the Dunn-McNally duo was replaced with Don Hutson through the air, and Clark Hinkle on the ground. The Green Bay Packers once again were the cream-of-the-crop, and won three more Championships in the next nine years. In the mid 1920s, the team once again had fallen into debt. In a last-ditch attempt to save the team from bankruptcy, Lambeau turned the Packers into a non-profit organization, and sold the company into local stock to keep it afloat. In the late 1940s, with the Packers finally stable financially, thanks greatly to the NFL beginning to create lucrative TV contracts, Curly tried to buy back his beloved Green Bay team. The stock holders wouldn’t hear of it, and Curly departed Wisconsin. Most locals had come to believe that Curly had become too arrogant, and high-brow, living a luxurious life in California. The man, who had rescued the Packers from debt several times, left Green Bay. With Lambeau gone, he took one Packers tradition with him, winning. In 1958, the Green Bay Packers won only one game. The stage was set for arguably the greatest football coach in the history of the National Football League, Vince Lombardi. February 2, 1959, the Packers hired Vince Lombardi as the new head coach. In Lombardi’s first season as the Packers head coach, the team finished with a 7-5 record. Lombardi was the unanimous decision for the National Football League ‘Coach of the Year’. Vince Lombardi demanded respect, authority and perfection. The moment he arrived, Lombardi met with the board of directors and stated: â€Å"I want it understood that I am in complete command here, and from that moment on, he was. Vince became the General Manager, as well as the head coach. Henry Jordan, an offensive tackle for the Packers at the time, told reporters When he says sit down, I dont even look for a chair. In Lombardi’s time in Green Bay, he followed the precedent set by Lambeau before him; he raised the bar. Green Bay became the most dominant team in the NFL, setting a new standard of excellence. During his 1960 second season in Green Bay, Lombardi led the Packers to the NFL title game, but they fell short, losing to the Philadelphia Eagles. After the game, the players gathered around Lombardi: â€Å"Perhaps you didn’t realize you could have won this game. But I think there’s no doubt in your minds now. And that’s why you will win it all next year. This will never happen again. You will never lose another championship. † True to his word, they never did. Vince Lombardi and the Green Bay Packers rebounded to win world championships in 1961, ’62, ’65, ’66 and ’67. From 1960 on, his team never finished lower than second. Lombardi ended his career with a 96-34-6 (. 728) for the second best winning percentage in the history of the game. After Vince Lombardi finished his tenure with the Packers by winning three straight titles, including the first to Super Bowls, the head coaching duties were given to Phil Bengtson, who left the Packers one year later with a 20-21-1 record. The next man was Dan Devine, who was one of the most successful college coaches at the time. After a less-than-stellar record his first year (4-8-2) Devine led the Packers back towards the top, winning the Central Division title for the first time since Lombardi’s departure. Unfortunately nothing materialized and, slowly but surely, the Packers began to recess back into their losing ways. Through 1974, the Packers finished 11-15-2 (. 429), and Dan Devine resigned. The Devine years were followed by one of the most successful Packers players, when Bart Starr accepted the head coaching job in Green Bay. As the quarterback for the Packers, Bart Starr won five world championships from 1961-1967, and looked to bring them back to the glory days as he signed a three year contract as coach and general manager in December 1974. When Starr signed on, he asked for only â€Å"†¦the prayers and patience of Packer fans everywhere†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the team would earn everything else. In his first season, the Packers finished 4-10, however winning three of the last five games. And so a massive rebuilding effort began. Starr continued to restore the positive and winning attitude in the locker room. After several years of improvement, in 1978, the Packers posted there first wining season since 1972, one game above . 500. Unfortunately the injury bug bit the Packers the next two seasons and they once again failed to end with winning records. In 1981 however, the Packers rebounded strongly, with a dramatic midseason comeback but yet again fell short of the playoffs. The following year, a strike-interrupted season, the Packers finally reached the postseason. In the first round to the NFL Super Bowl Tournament, the Packers routed the St. Louis Cardinals in their first game, only to drop to Dallas 37-27. December 19, 1983 Starr was relived of his coaching duties after the Packers failed to reach the postseason one last time. Bart Starr was succeeded by one of his old teammates, and one of the best offensive tackles in the history of the NFL, when Forrest Gregg became the Packers’ ninth head coach. Gregg had previously led the Cincinnati Bengals to Super Bowl XVI, and left with the best team in pro football for a five-year contract with Green Bay. The following seasons were characterized by slow starts and strong finishes to finish just short of the playoffs. After several seasons filled with mediocrity, the Packers coach resigned January 1988 to become the coach at his alma mater, Southern Methodist University. Only nineteen days after Gregg left, Lindy Infante, seen as a brilliant innovator across the NFL signed a five-year contract, in hopes of successfully rebuilding a team that had been treading water. In Infante’s second season with the Packers, the team finished with a 10-6 record—their best in 17 years—but, once again, one game short of the playoffs. In 1990, there were high hopes for the first postseason berth in almost two decades, the team finished the season with five straight losses finishing 6-10. The team continued to decline, and Infante was fired December 22, 1991 by new executive vice president/general manager Ron Wolf. Following the termination, Wolf would finally begin to bring the Packers back to the top, and hired Mike Holmgren, who had built San Francisco’s four-time Super Bowl champion teams, to a five-year contract. In Holmgren’s first season he directed the Packers to a 9-7 record, and became only the third Green Bay coach with a winning record in his first season. In 1993, the Packers finished, once again, with a 9-7 record earning its first playoff berth in ten years. The Packers beat the Detroit Lions, but would be eliminated by the Dallas Cowboys 27-17 in the divisional round. In 1994, the Packers finished with their third straight 9-7 season and—for the first time since Lombardi and the days of Title Town—earned a second straight playoff berth, once again beating the Detroit Lions. The teams Super Bowl hopes were crushed the next week courtesy of the Dallas Cowboys. The next year the Packers would finish 11-5 winning the Central Division crown for the first time since 1972, only to fall short once again to Dallas, 38-27. In 1996 the Green Bay Packers were poised for the Super Bowl. In a preseason press conference Brett Favre, the Packers’ quarterback told the media that they were ready, and if they didn’t think so to just bet against them. True to his word, any reporters who had done as advised were about to lose a lot of money. The Green Bay Packers and leader Brett Favre led the Packers to a league-best 13-3 record through the regular season. The Packers also had the highest-scoring offense in the NFL and a defense that gave up a league low 179 points, a mere 12 per game. The Green Bay Packers steamrolled their opponents as fans watched Favre set an NFL record for touchdowns on their way to the postseason. Throughout the next three games, the Packers would nearly double up their opponent’s point total as they advanced to Super Bowl XXXI. The Packers continued their dominance, dismantling the New England Patriots in a 35-14 victory less than one hour from Favre’s home hometown Kiln, Mississippi. In 1997, the Packers finished the season with a 13-3 record for the second straight season, and seemed primed for another Super Bowl appearance. The Packers once again cruised through the playoffs, and met the Denver Broncos in San Diego for Super Bowl XXXII. Unfortunately, their second Super Bowl trip didn’t go according to script, as they lost to the Broncos 31-24. At the start of the 1998 season, the Packers had their sights set on the Super Bowl XXXIII, but finished 11-5 and lost to the San Francisco 49ers in the playoffs on a late touchdown with only three seconds remaining. Only five days after the loss in the Wild Card round, Mike Holmgren resigned only five days later, after being denied an additional role as the organization’s general manager, to join the Seattle Seahawks. Holmgren was replaced later by Ray Rhodes, a former Eagles head coach and defensive coordinator for the Green Bay Packers. After a promising start, the Packers ended the season 8-8 and missed the playoffs for the first time since 1992. Wolf was relieved at the end of the season. After falling one game short of the playoffs in the new head coach Mike Sherman’s first season, General Manager Ron Wolf retired, leaving behind the best record since his arrival in Green Bay. Mike Sherman was given the GM duties that Holmgren had requested just two years before. In Sherman’s six seasons in Green Bay, he took the Packers to the playoffs four straight years, but failed to advance the team past the Divisional Playoff Round. After an injury ravaged 2005 season, the team finished 4-12 and Mike Sherman was relieved as head coach. Ted Thompson would hire Mike McCarthy to become the franchise’s fourteenth head coach in its eighty-eight year history. McCarthy infused talent, utilizing the NFL draft to field the youngest team in the NFL. In his first season, the Packers finished 8-8, and were eliminated from the playoff picture with only seven hours remaining the regular season. The team sent two players to the Pro Bowl, wide receiver Donald Driver, and Defensive End Aaron Kampman, both of whom posted career high statistics. In Mike McCarthy’s second season, another strong draft class, and a revitalized Pro Bowl-bound Brett Favre, the Packers sit at 12-2, good for second place in the NFC. To date, the Green Bay Packers have clinched the NFC North Division Title, as well as a first-round bye in the playoffs. Other Pro Bowl selections for 2008 include Donald Driver and Aaron Kampman again, as well as first-time cornerback Al Harris. All indications show the Green Bay Packers are on the rise, and looking to bring the Lombardi Trophy, named after their former coach, back to its home in Green Bay. Works Cited Bengtson, Phil. Packer Dynasty. Garden City, New York: Doubleday Company, 1969. Behreandt, Denise L. Coaching with conviction: Vince Lombardis extraordinary success as the legendary coach of the Green Bay Packers demonstrates the dramatic difference principle-based leadership can make. The New American 21. 12 (June 13, 2005): 32(7). Student Edition. Gale. SDLN, South Dakota State Library. 6 Dec. 007 http://find. galegroup. com/ips/start. do? prodId=IPS. Birth of a Team a Legend. Packers. com. 7 Dec. 2007 http://www. packers. com/history/birth_of_a_team_and_a_legend/#chapter10. Doherty, Jim. In chilly Green Bay, Curlys old team is still packing them in. Smithsonian 22. n5 (August 1991): 80(10). Student Edition. Gale. SDLN, South Dakota State Library. 7 Dec. 2007 http://find. galegroup. com/ips/start. do? p rodId=IPS. Lombardi Jr, Vince. What it takes to be #1: Vince Lombardi on Leadership. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional, 2001. 205.

Louisa May Alcott the Little Women

Louisa May Alcott the Little Women Free Online Research Papers The book the Little Women by Louisa May Alcott, was based on the life of her and her family. Her family was trying to overcome the terrible things that had happened because of the war. Alcott wrote this book to inspire women, to let them know that things will get better, and that women can overcome. The main character Jo was a lot like Alcott. She wasn’t interested in the girly things she wanted nothing more than to be like a boy and to be a writer. There were four main characters, all sisters who lived together with their mother. Meg, the oldest, is wise and very concerned with class and the styles of the times. Beth is a kind gentle soul who is always contented with what she has. Amy, the youngest, is very conceited. She is always concerned with her looks and who she will marry. Jo was the least like any of her sisters, she longed to be a boy and not have to worry about such petty things as her hair and what she was wearing. Jo seemed to stand out among her sisters. She is more worried about how her family will get along with out their father than a dress she may have to wear. In the 1800’s their was a stereotype about women. The traditional view of women in society was to stay at home, clean, raise children, and to help with the family farm. Jo was a women and she needed to follow this stereotype. But Jo refused. She wanted to be like a man. She wanted to do the more manly things such as work and take care of the family as her father would have. Its bad enough to be a girl, anyways, when I like boy’s games and work and manners! I cant get over the disappointment in not being a boy.. (p. 948) . Jo was like Alcott. Alcott had to make money to help support her family because her father also wasn’t around a lot. Jo tried to take on as many chores and duties as she could so to help out her mother. She even taught her little sister Amy when she needed to be home schooled. Also like Alcott’s family their fathers taught them so much. They were taught to be who they wanted to be even if it was different from any one else. I believe this is what gave Jo as well as Alcott the idea to be writers. To be the one to help hold the family together and to try to be more like men. This is what the family needed the most. And because their fathers told them to be what and who they wanted to be, they most likely wanted to be more like him. Jo felt that she was now the man of the house. Im the man of the family now papa is away†¦for he told me to take special care of mother while he was gone. (p. 949) She felt this is what her father wanted. She felt she needed to play this role in order for her family to be happy and to get along with out their father. During this time women didn’t have any where near as many rights as men if even any at all. Women were to be at home caring for the children and cleaning. Jo didn’t want anything to do with that. She wanted to write stories and be more like the average man. She wanted to share her ideas and dreams with others through her writing. She knew she would one day make a difference in the world of women, she felt she would become one of the best women writers ever. Jo didn’t think about marriage like her sisters did. She didn’t want a man holding her back or telling her what to do. She wanted to be free. Her sisters were constantly worrying about their looks, and their clothes. Meg always wanted nothing more than to be beautiful but she felt that she couldn‘t because they weren‘t rich, â€Å"It’s so dreadful to be poor!† (p.335) She wanted the extravagant things that rich people had. But Jo she just wanted to make sure her family had what they needed. Jo even convinced the family to give their Christmas dinner to the poor family down the street. She felt they needed more than her and her sisters did. Most writers write stories about their own lives even if they don’t mean to. This is a story that Alcott chose to write. She wanted to show that families can live the best of lives then fall onto hard times. But they can always try to get out of it. She wanted girls to see that their lives can get better. They can strive to be whatever they want. Even if its to be more of a boy than a woman. I believe this book was mostly about Alcott, and Jo. They are so similar. But it mostly tells how Jo took on the role of the man to make her family get through the tough times of war, until their father returned. . Research Papers on Louisa May Alcott the "Little Women"Personal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Fifth Horseman19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoWhere Wild and West MeetThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Transnational Corporation Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Transnational Corporation - Article Example P&G is no exception .It has launched a systematic expansion strategy in such foreign markets to acquire a truly international hue. This paper addresses the issue of globalization of P&G and explores the details of the strategy adopted by P&G within the framework of an examination of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. P&G is a US company and has its main office in Cincinnati; USA.P&G is one of the largest manufacturers of fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) in the world. P&G enjoys a noticeable proportion of market share in numerous product categories: beauty care (Pantene, Olay, Cover Girl), paper goods (Bounty, Charmin, Pampers), food and beverages (Folgers, Pringles, Duncan Hines), laundry and cleaning (Tide, Cascade, Dawn), and health care (Crest, Scope, Metamucil). A literature piece in the Fortune Europe edition (April 17th, 2006) reported that Procter & Gamble ( ranked number 24 in the Fortune 500 list) had as many as 22 brands in its stable with each exceeding 1$ billion in sales. P&G had acquired 5 of these brands during the course of its $61 billion acquisition of Gillette (which was acknowledged as the largest merger of the year 2005). The strength and size of P&G was conclusively certified by ACNielsen, which surveyed and found that 99% of U.S. households use one or the other P&G produc t. P& G completed the acquisition of The Gillette Company for approximately $53.43 billion on October 1, 2005. At that point of time Gillette was the leading consumer products company that had $10.48 billion of sales in its most recent pre-acquisition year ended December 31, 2004. (Annual Report 2006). Theory behind the strategy of Globalization Dunning (1981) posits that three conditions need be met concurrently in order to initiate an FDI decision. The investing organization should derive both an ownership (O) advantage and an internalization (I) advantage, as the foreign market presents a clearly calculated and reckoned locational (L) advantage. P&G has been carefully vetting all three in its strategy for globalization. Globalization has brought about intense competition for global markets amongst the major multinational companies. These companies have been looking outwards to reorient their organizational structures and strategies to capture the global markets by positioning their products strategically. A recent study of the US and European companies revealed that 75 percent were taking up the above strategic reorganization in order to stay competitive and staying competitive was considered the single most important external issue on their agenda. Past experiences have shown that poor planning further embattled by rudi mentary understanding of the cultural aspects of the global market places had ruined the huge marketing campaigns of even the multinational companies. Coke CEO stated," Coke has had to come to terms with a conflicting reality. In many parts of the world, consumers have become pickier, more

Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy Theory Essay

Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy Theory - Essay Example The fundamental premise of the theory is based on the fact that almost all emotions and behaviors are caused by what people believe about the situations they face. The theory posits a bio-psychosocial explanation of how individuals come to feel and behave. This stems from the belief of Ellis that both biological factors and social factors are involved in the experiencing and action processes. This idea is important, for it proposes that there are limits to the extent that a person can change (Ellis A. , 2003). Ellis argues in his theory that all humans have the ability to interpret reality in a clear, logical and objective manner and avoid unwanted emotional behavioural disturbances. Furthermore, he argues that in addition to these abilities, humans are also predisposed to irrational interpretations (Collard & OKelly, 2011). They are predisposed to twisted or illogical thinking, draw illogical conclusions that are impartial and are cognitive distortions of reality (Levinson, 2010). Ellis identified four standard characteristics that represent an irrational interpretation of reality. These four standard characteristics are demands of something that is not of the real world, other people or the individual; amplification of the awfulness of something an individual dislikes (Macinnes, 2004); conclusion that one cannot tolerate the thing they dislike and finally condemnation of the world, other people or the individual (Dryden, 2003). The characteristics identified above are expressed in speci fic irrational ideas and beliefs (Macinnes, 2004). Ellis suggested that the targets for change in psychotherapy are those thoughts, attitudes beliefs and meanings that cause emotional-behavioural disturbances and then goes ahead to present the rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) (Windy & Neenan, 2004).   REBT teaches individuals how to identify their own self defeating ideas, thoughts, beliefs and actions and replace

Personality Disorders Essay Example for Free

Personality Disorders Essay In this paper I will be discussing how a particular Axis I disorder may relate to a coexisting Axis II disorder. I will explain how an Axis I disorder, can be easily confused with an Axis II disorders. I will compare and contrast, Personality Disorder, Schizophrenia, and Paranoid Type, and explain how I would differentiate the two conditions. I will also compare Obsessive Personality Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and explain the difference between both conditions. Personality Disorders Since the DSM III, the DSM classification has been used to describe the different parts of personality disorder. Every person is different in the way they think, feel and how they relate to others. Some people will have maladaptive personality traits, it becomes a personality disorder when the maladaptive behaviors become a problem and prevent them from leading a normal life. In the DSM –IV personality disorders and mental retardation are diagnosed on Axis II. A personality disorder can predispose a person to suffer with an Axis I disorder. (Widiger, 2003) According to the authors of the multiaxial system they wanted to draw attention to personality disorder because of the â€Å"accumulating evidence that the quality and quantity of preexisting personality disturbance may†¦influence the predisposition, manifestation, course, and response to treatment of various Axis I conditions†. Paranoid Personality Disorder and Schizophrenia Paranoid Personality Disorder is defined in the DSM-V –TR as a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent. (DSM-IV-TR 2005) Schizophrenia, Paranoid Type is defined as a type of schizophrenia in which the following criteria are met: A. Preoccupation with one or more delusion or frequent auditory hallucinations. The two disorders have many similarities but one thing that makes them different is that people that suffer with Paranoid Personality disorder do not have hallucinations. Obsessive -Compulsive Personality Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder is a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal  control. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is defined as a person having either obsessions or compulsions. (DSM-V-TR 2005) People that suffer from OCD suffer from disturbing thoughts, or images and they have obsessions that interfere with their daily life. Some of these behaviors are irrational, ritualistic and repetitive. People that suffer from OCPD are worried about being perfect, and being in control mentally and interpersonally. People who suffer with OCPD are very problematic, unhappy, and experience issues with family, friends, and at work. The main difference in these two disorders is that people with OCD have actual obsessions and compulsions. People with OCDP don’t have obsessions and compulsions. References (2005). DSM-IV-TR. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Widiger, T. (2003, Oct). Personality disorder diagnosis. World Psychiatry, 2(2), 13

Autonomy in Determinism :: Determinism Papers

Autonomy in Determinism (1) ABSTRACT: There are good reasons for determinism — the option for pure freedom of will proves to be a non-tenable position. However, this collides with the everyday experience of autonomy. The following argument will attempt to show that determinism and autonomy are compatible. (1) A first consideration going back to MacKay makes clear that I myself cannot foresee in principle my own determination; hence fatalism has lost its grounds. (2) From the perspective of physical determination, I show that quantum-physical indetermination is not at all in a position to explain autonomy, while from the perspective of systems theory physical determination and autonomy is well-compatible. (3) The possibility of knowledge denotes a further increase of such autonomy. From this perspective, acting is something like designing-oneself or choice-of-oneself. (4) Consciousness of not being fixed in principle now becomes a determining condition of my acting, which appears to be determined by auton omy. This explains the ineradicable conviction that freedom of will is essential for human beings. (5) I conclude that the autonomy of acting is greater the more that rational self-determination takes the place of stupid arbitrariness. In 1980 a book by U. Pothast came out with the provocative title 'The Inadequacy of the Proofs for Freedom'. (2) Its merit consisted in the fact that it runs through and refutes all the known types of proofs for freedom in the philosophical tradition. Pothast's arguments, which thereby amount to determinism, are in my opinion basically sound, but surely also need a discriminating judgement, which is treated in the following discussion. The view mentioned is alarming in two respects: First of all, in accordance with the way we see ourselves we are convinced that freedom is essential for man's being. Secondly, philosophers think they have excellent arguments against determinism. The strongest objection to determinism is in my view the following: (3) Truth, i.e., accurate knowledge of the facts of a case is only possible for me when I can cognitively get involved with the subject. However, the precondition for this is that I am not determined by irrelevant constraints in connection with the subject — e.g., by physical factors or by my own biological-genetic constitution, but also not by prejudices and preconcieved notions: precisely because I could not involve myself in the subject because of such constraints. Reduced to a formula, this means: truth presupposes freedom. As a philosophical theory, determinism itself lays claim to truth, which therewith presupposes freedom, in accordance with what I have just said. Autonomy in Determinism :: Determinism Papers Autonomy in Determinism (1) ABSTRACT: There are good reasons for determinism — the option for pure freedom of will proves to be a non-tenable position. However, this collides with the everyday experience of autonomy. The following argument will attempt to show that determinism and autonomy are compatible. (1) A first consideration going back to MacKay makes clear that I myself cannot foresee in principle my own determination; hence fatalism has lost its grounds. (2) From the perspective of physical determination, I show that quantum-physical indetermination is not at all in a position to explain autonomy, while from the perspective of systems theory physical determination and autonomy is well-compatible. (3) The possibility of knowledge denotes a further increase of such autonomy. From this perspective, acting is something like designing-oneself or choice-of-oneself. (4) Consciousness of not being fixed in principle now becomes a determining condition of my acting, which appears to be determined by auton omy. This explains the ineradicable conviction that freedom of will is essential for human beings. (5) I conclude that the autonomy of acting is greater the more that rational self-determination takes the place of stupid arbitrariness. In 1980 a book by U. Pothast came out with the provocative title 'The Inadequacy of the Proofs for Freedom'. (2) Its merit consisted in the fact that it runs through and refutes all the known types of proofs for freedom in the philosophical tradition. Pothast's arguments, which thereby amount to determinism, are in my opinion basically sound, but surely also need a discriminating judgement, which is treated in the following discussion. The view mentioned is alarming in two respects: First of all, in accordance with the way we see ourselves we are convinced that freedom is essential for man's being. Secondly, philosophers think they have excellent arguments against determinism. The strongest objection to determinism is in my view the following: (3) Truth, i.e., accurate knowledge of the facts of a case is only possible for me when I can cognitively get involved with the subject. However, the precondition for this is that I am not determined by irrelevant constraints in connection with the subject — e.g., by physical factors or by my own biological-genetic constitution, but also not by prejudices and preconcieved notions: precisely because I could not involve myself in the subject because of such constraints. Reduced to a formula, this means: truth presupposes freedom. As a philosophical theory, determinism itself lays claim to truth, which therewith presupposes freedom, in accordance with what I have just said.

No Good Reasons To Believe in Dualism Essay

Are there any good reasons to believe in dualism? Dualism, the philosophical theory that states that there are two kinds of substance: mental and physical, is now largely discredited by the world’s leading philosophers. It first came to prominence through Renà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Descartes in his Meditations as he tried to come to terms with the fact that most of his knowledge was either false or that he did not have enough evidence to believe in it firmly enough. For many centuries the idea was debated and reclassified, changing slightly from philosopher to philosopher and being totally rejected by others. The alternative to dualism is monism, the idea that mental and physical substances are one and the same; that is that the mind is or is contained within (in the tissue of), the brain. At first it appeared that dualism was indeed a logical conception, as features of the mind and the body seemed very different indeed. Descartes pointed out that while one could imagine oneself without physical features, it was impossible to imagine oneself without a mind; indeed the very action of attempting this was enough to prove that a mind was present. This was the basis of Descartes’ theory to draw out basic knowledge that he could not be deceived about. Due to this distinction it seemed logical to conclude, using Leibniz’s Law, that physical and mental entities were indeed separate. However, Descartes had made a mistake in assuming that his clear and distinct perceptions of a thing made that thing possible. For example, I can clearly and distinctly conceive of a unicorn, but that does not mean that they exist. (Lewis Carroll parodied this in Through the Looking Glass, in which the Red Queen tells Alice she imagines several impossible things before breakfast. Presumably she has a clear and distinct perception of these things, as when Alice attempts it, she is told she is not trying hard enough.) Also, I can just as clearly perceive of something not being as of it being, and as something cannot both be and not be, it would seem that this theory for basing something upon an unalterable internal proposition falls down. So, the argument from clear and distinct perception cannot be used here as it is just as easy to conceive of the mind and body being separate as it is for them to be one and the same. There are many scientific and logical arguments in favour of monism, Occam’s Razor, for example, a theory which asks us to take the simpler solution to a problem over the more complicated theory. For example, before the biology of animals was worked out scientifically, it was believed that all living creatures had an attribute called vitalism, which kept it alive. Now we know the biology, we can use this much simpler explanation. Here it can be applied easily: obviously it is simpler to believe in one substance than two, one of which does not conform to the laws of physics. There is also scientific evidence that shows us how damaging or experimenting with the brain, which is undeniably physical, can affect a person’s mental behaviour. Performing a lobotomy, for instance, can totally alter a person’s personality – turning them from being calm and rational to being crude and rash, or vice versa. Similarly, stimulating neurons on the Thingybob Strip, which crosses the top of the brain, can cause sensations all over the body. It may be that prodding a part of this strip can make your elbow tingle in a most delightful manner or make your thumb feel as if it is being dragged through warm treacle. It would seem from this that the these feelings are to be found in the prodded part of the brain and this is where the mental is to be found within the physical. These reasons show that monism is probably the more scientifically favourable position, but are there any reasons that can show Dualism to be the more logical choice? Leibniz’s Law might argue for dualism in that there being differences between the physical and the mental, they must therefore be separate substances. For example, having a chunk of the physical removed does not mean a part of the mental has also been removed. In fact, an awful lot of the physical body can be harmed, even in the brain, before there is a definite mental side effect. Surely, say the dualists, if the some parts of the mental were contained within certain parts of the brain, for example, if the capacity to taste lentils were located solely in a small part of the brain, and that part were to be removed we would no longer have the capacity to taste lentils. But a lot of the brain can be removed, and so, if there were set areas we would be removing certain abilities of the mental. Therefore, the mental must be separate from the physical. However, it is true that removing some areas of the brain will prevent the mental from performing certain capabilities. It is possible to find out which areas of the brain are functioning when fuelled by particular stimuli, and if, when doing this we slice out those areas of the brain, in some (but not all) cases, those functions will no longer be possible. Also, the left side of the brain and the right side provide vastly different functions – one being more practical and other being more intellectual. This would seem to back up the monist theory that the mind is located within certain parts of the brain. Another counter argument to Dualism could be contained within Feigl’s concept of Nomological Danglers. If the mental is indeed distinct from the physical it cannot be present within the same world as the physical things we know of, as removing physicals things would inevitably reveal the mental substance. Therefore it follows that it is connected to this physical world in some other way. However, Feigl tells us that it is ridiculous to believe that there is a separate type of law for these substances, which allows them to exist dependently of the rest of physics. Surely the mental substances cannot be ‘dangling’ outside of the realms of reality? These masses of arguments for monism overwhelm the poorer, outdated arguments for dualism, which stem from a less scientifically advanced age, in which the solutions appeared to work logically, based on a more internal philosophy of contemplation, which is now being replaced by a more practical philosophy, backed up by the sciences. Hence it is not unfair to say that previous ideas that worked in favour of dualism are no longer good reasons to believe the theory and that as we have better reasons to take the theory of monism seriously, we must subscribe to it, and not dualism, as the correct theory.

Sexuality Education Is Not All About Sex - 2620 Words

Sexuality is huge and even more for those living with special needs especially because they tend to get totalized by their illness. Often their sexuality will be looked over or forgotten regardless of their desire and need to feel wanted intimately. Sexuality education is not all about sex. â€Å"Sexuality education is a life-long process that encompasses many things: the biological, socio-cultural, psychological, and spiritual dimensions of sexuality† (Gerhardt, 2012). Sexuality education is about safety, love, identity, sexual and nonsexual relationships, intimacy, positive adaptive behaviors, increased self-esteem, and pro-social behaviors (Hartman, 2014). Not many parents enjoy the idea of facing the idea of sexual education with their†¦show more content†¦3. Are there any known applications of technology developed to address these issues (e.g. ABA tools or psychoeducational or social skills training programs)? 4. What does the research in this area suggest for fu ture studies and new program development? This is a topic that makes people uncomfortable because of the attached stigmas and taboos. This makes being honest, open, and serious about this topic difficult. â€Å"Sexuality is an integral part of the personality of everyone: man, woman, and child. It is a basic need and an aspect of being human that cannot be separated from other aspects of human life. Sexuality if not synonymous with sexual intercourse and it influences thoughts, feelings, actions, and interactions, and thereby our mental and physical health† (World Health Organization). What I like about this definition is that it states that sexuality is a social and adaptive behavior that is part of human development and influences out sexual health. Sexual health is â€Å"a state of physical, mental, and social well-being in a relation to sexuality. It requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having p leasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination, and violence† (World Health Organization). This definition highlights that sexual health is related to our well-being and relating it to having safe sexual experiences. Again, the topic of sexuality